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LM2717-ADJ Datasheet(PDF) 10 Page - National Semiconductor (TI)

[Old version datasheet] Texas Instruments acquired National semiconductor. Click here to check the latest version.
No. de pieza LM2717-ADJ
Descripción Electrónicos  Dual Step-Down DC/DC Converter
Download  16 Pages
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Fabricante Electrónico  NSC [National Semiconductor (TI)]
Página de inicio  http://www.national.com
Logo NSC - National Semiconductor (TI)

LM2717-ADJ Datasheet(HTML) 10 Page - National Semiconductor (TI)

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Buck Operation
PROTECTION (BOTH REGULATORS)
The LM2717-ADJ has dedicated protection circuitry running
during normal operation to protect the IC. The Thermal Shut-
down circuitry turns off the power devices when the die
temperature reaches excessive levels. The UVP comparator
protects the power devices during supply power startup and
shutdown to prevent operation at voltages less than the
minimum input voltage. The OVP comparator is used to
prevent the output voltage from rising at no loads allowing
full PWM operation over all load conditions. The LM2717-
ADJ also features a shutdown mode for each converter
decreasing the supply current to approximately 10µA (both in
shutdown mode).
CONTINUOUS CONDUCTION MODE
The LM2717-ADJ contains current-mode, PWM buck regu-
lators. A buck regulator steps the input voltage down to a
lower output voltage. In continuous conduction mode (when
the inductor current never reaches zero at steady state), the
buck regulator operates in two cycles. The power switch is
connected between V
IN and SW1 and SW2.
In the first cycle of operation the transistor is closed and the
diode is reverse biased. Energy is collected in the inductor
and the load current is supplied by C
OUT and the rising
current through the inductor.
During the second cycle the transistor is open and the diode
is forward biased due to the fact that the inductor current
cannot instantaneously change direction. The energy stored
in the inductor is transferred to the load and output capacitor.
The ratio of these two cycles determines the output voltage.
The output voltage is defined approximately as:
where D is the duty cycle of the switch, D and D' will be
required for design calculations.
The LM2717-ADJ has a minimum switch ON time which
corresponds to a minimum duty cycle of approximately 10%
at 600kHz operation and approximately 5% at 300kHz op-
eration. In the case of some high voltage differential appli-
cations (low duty cycle operation) this minimum duty cycle
may be exceeded causing the feedback pin over-voltage
protection to trip as the output voltage rises. This will put the
device into a PFM type operation which can cause an un-
predictable frequency spectrum and may cause the average
output voltage to rise slightly. If this is a concern the switch-
ing frequency may be lowered and/or a pre-load added to
the output to keep the device full PWM operation. Note that
the OVP function monitors the FB pin so it will not function if
the feedback resistor is disconnected from the output. Due to
slight differences between the two converters it is recom-
mended that Buck 1 be used for the lower of the two output
voltages for best operation.
DESIGN PROCEDURE
This section presents guidelines for selecting external com-
ponents.
SETTING THE OUTPUT VOLTAGE
The output voltage is set using the feedback pin and a
resistor divider connected to the output as shown in Figure 4.
The feedback pin voltage (V
FB) is 1.258V, so the ratio of the
feedback resistors sets the output voltage according to the
following equation:
INPUT CAPACITOR
A low ESR aluminum, tantalum, or ceramic capacitor is
needed between the input pin and power ground. This ca-
pacitor prevents large voltage transients from appearing at
the input. The capacitor is selected based on the RMS
current and voltage requirements. The RMS current is given
by:
The RMS current reaches its maximum (I
OUT/2)
when
V
IN equals 2VOUT. This value should be calculated for both
regulators and added to give a total RMS current rating. For
an aluminum or ceramic capacitor, the voltage rating should
be at least 25% higher than the maximum input voltage. If a
tantalum capacitor is used, the voltage rating required is
about twice the maximum input voltage. The tantalum ca-
pacitor should be surge current tested by the manufacturer
to prevent being shorted by the inrush current. The minimum
capacitor value should be 47µF for lower output load current
applications and less dynamic (quickly changing) load con-
ditions. For higher output current applications or dynamic
load conditions a 68µF to 100µF low ESR capacitor is rec-
ommended. It is also recommended to put a small ceramic
capacitor (0.1µF to 4.7µF) between the input pins and
ground to reduce high frequency spikes.
INDUCTOR SELECTION
The most critical parameter for the inductor in a current
mode switcher is the minimum value required for stable
operation. To prevent subharmonic oscillations and achieve
good phase margin a target minimum value for the inductor
is:
Where V
IN is the minimum input voltage and RDSON is the
maximum switch ON resistance. For best stability the induc-
tor should be in the range of 0.5L
MIN (absolute minimum)
and 2L
MIN. Using an inductor with a value less than 0.5LMIN
can cause subharmonic oscillations. The inductor should
meet this minimum requirement at the peak inductor current
expected for the application regardless of what the inductor
ripple current and output ripple voltage requirements are. A
value larger than 2L
MIN is acceptable if the ripple require-
ments of the application require it but it may reduce the
phase margin and increase the difficulty in compensating the
circuit.
The most important parameters for the inductor from an
applications standpoint are the inductance, peak current and
www.national.com
10


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